Ohio Mathematics Academic Content Standards (2001)
Data Analysis and Probability Standard
Benchmarks (5–7)
H.
Find all possible outcomes of simple experiments or problem situations, using methods such as lists, arrays and tree diagrams.
I.
Describe the probability of an event using ratios, including fractional notation.
Benchmarks (8–10)
H.
Use counting techniques, such as permutations and combinations, to determine the total number of options and possible outcomes.
J.
Compute probabilities of compound events, independent events, and simple dependent events.
Grade Level Indicators (Grade 7)
7.
Compute probabilities of compound events; e.g., multiple coin tosses or multiple rolls of number cubes, using such methods as organized lists, tree diagrams and area models.
Grade Level Indicators (Grade 8)
10.
Calculate the number of possible outcomes for a situation, recognizing and accounting for when items may occur more than once or when order is important.
11.
Demonstrate an understanding that the probability of either of two disjoint events occurring can be found by adding the probabilities for each and that the probability of one independent event following another can be found by multiplying the probabilities.
Grade Level Indicators (Grade 9)
7.
Use counting techniques and the Fundamental Counting principle to determine the total number of possible outcomes for mathematical situations.
8.
Describe, create and analyze a sample space and use it to calculate probability.
Principles and Standards for School Mathematics
Data Analysis and Probability Standard
Understand and apply basic concepts of probability
Expectations (6–8)
compute probabilities for simple compound events, using such methods as organized lists, tree diagrams, and area models.
Expectations (9–12)
understand the concepts of sample space and probability distribution and construct sample spaces and distributions in simple cases;
understand how to compute the probability of a compound event.