Changing how and what children learn in school with computer-based technologies Christopher Hoadley, Barbara Means, Roy Pea, Jeremy Roschelle, Douglas N. Gordin Schools today face ever-increasing demands in their attempt to ensure that students are well-equipped to enter the workforce and navigate a complex world. Research indicates that computer technology can help support learning, and that it is especially useful in developing the higher order skills of critical thinking, analysis, and scientific inquiry. But the mere presence of computers in the classroom does not assure their effective use. Some computer applications have been shown to be more successful than others, and many factors influence how well even the most promising applications are implemented. This article explores the various ways computer technology can be used to improve how and what children learn in the classroom. Several examples of computer-based applications are highlighted to illustrate ways technology can enhance how children learn by supporting four fundamental characteristics of learning: (1) active engagement, (2) participation in groups, (3) frequent interaction and feedback, and (4) connections to real-world contexts. Additional examples illustrate ways technology can expand what children learn by helping them understand core concepts in subjects like math, science, and literacy. (author)