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Lessons
Making Sense of Percent Concentrations 2: Don't Freeze the Engine
Discipline
Mathematics
Grades
9, 10, 11, 12
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Professional Commentary
Students read an antifreeze chart to determine the necessary mix of antifreeze and water for protection against various temperatures. Students then numerically analyze a particular cooling system to determine how much fluid to drain and replace with antifreeze to get the desired percentage concentration of antifreeze. Finally, students set up a system of equations to solve the same problem. Activity sheets, discussion questions, a lesson extension, suggestions for assessment, and prompts for teacher reflection are included. (author/sw)

Common Core State Standards for Mathematics
High School - Algebra
Creating Equations
Create equations that describe numbers or relationships
HSA-CED.A.2 
Create equations in two or more variables to represent relationships between quantities; graph equations on coordinate axes with labels and scales.
Reasoning with Equations and Inequalities
Solve systems of equations
HSA-REI.C.6 
Solve systems of linear equations exactly and approximately (e.g., with graphs), focusing on pairs of linear equations in two variables.
Ohio Mathematics Academic Content Standards (2001)
Patterns, Functions and Algebra Standard
Benchmarks (8–10)
D.
Use algebraic representations, such as tables, graphs, expressions, functions and inequalities, to model and solve problem situations.
Grade Level Indicators (Grade 8)
7.
Use symbolic algebra (equations and inequalities), graphs and tables to represent situations and solve problems.
Grade Level Indicators (Grade 9)
3.
Describe problem situations (linear, quadratic and exponential) by using tabular, graphical and symbolic representations.
Grade Level Indicators (Grade 10)
10.
Solve real-world problems that can be modeled using linear, quadratic, exponential or square root functions.
Principles and Standards for School Mathematics
Algebra Standard
Represent and analyze mathematical situations and structures using algebraic symbols
Expectations (9–12)
use symbolic algebra to represent and explain mathematical relationships;
Use mathematical models to represent and understand quantitative relationships
Expectations (9–12)
use symbolic algebra to represent and explain mathematical relationships;
draw reasonable conclusions about a situation being modeled.