Ohio's Academic Content Standards in English Language Arts

Research Standard
Students define and investigate self-selected or assigned issues, topics and problems. They locate, select and make use of relevant information from a variety of media, reference and technological sources. Students use an appropriate form to communicate their findings.
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Prekindergarten
1. Ask questions about experiences, areas of interest, pictures, letters, words, logos or icons. (ORC Resources)
2. Use a variety of resources to gather information with assistance. (ORC Resources)
3. Recall information about a topic dictated or constructed by child. (ORC Resources)
4. Share findings of information through retelling, media and play. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Kindergarten
1. Ask questions about a topic being studied or an area of interest. (ORC Resources)
2. Use books or observations to gather information, with teacher assistance, to explain a topic or unit of study. (ORC Resources)
3. Recall information about a topic, with teacher assistance. (ORC Resources)
4. Share findings visually or orally. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 1
1. Discuss ideas for investigation about a topic or area of personal interest. (ORC Resources)
2. Utilize appropriate searching techniques to gather information, with teacher assistance, from a variety of locations (e.g., classroom, school library, public library or community resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Use books or observations to gather information to explain a topic or unit of study with teacher assistance. (ORC Resources)
4. Recall important information about a topic with teacher assistance. (ORC Resources)
5. Report information to others. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 2
1. Create questions for investigations, assigned topic or personal area of interest. (ORC Resources)
2. Utilize appropriate searching techniques to gather information from a variety of locations (e.g., classroom, school library, public library or community resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Acquire information, with teacher assistance, from multiple sources (e.g., books, magazines, videotapes, CD-ROMs, Web sites) and collect data (e.g., interviews, experiments, observations or surveys) about the topic. (ORC Resources)
4. Identify important information and write brief notes about the information. (ORC Resources)
5. Sort relevant information about the topic into categories with teacher assistance. (ORC Resources)
6. Report important findings to others. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 3
1. Choose a topic for research from a list of questions, assigned topic or personal area of interest. (ORC Resources)
2. Utilize appropriate searching techniques to gather information from a variety of locations (e.g., classroom, school library, public library or community resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Acquire information from multiple sources (e.g., books, magazines, videotapes, CD-ROMs, Web sites) and collect data (e.g., interviews, experiments, observations or surveys) about the topic. (ORC Resources)
4. Identify important information found in the sources and summarize the important findings. (ORC Resources)
5. Sort relevant information into categories about the topic. (ORC Resources)
6. Understand the importance of citing sources. (ORC Resources)
7. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information gathered. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 4
1. Identify a topic and questions for research and develop a plan for gathering information. (ORC Resources)
2. Locate sources and collect relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Identify important information found in the sources and summarize important findings. (ORC Resources)
4. Create categories to sort and organize relevant information charts, tables or graphic organizers. (ORC Resources)
5. Discuss the meaning of plagiarism and create a list of sources. (ORC Resources)
6. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information gathered. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 5
1. Generate a topic, assigned or personal interest, and open-ended questions for research and develop a plan for gathering information. (ORC Resources)
2. Locate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Identify important information found in sources and paraphrase the findings in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables or graphic organizers). (ORC Resources)
4. Compare and contrast important findings and select sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes. (ORC Resources)
5. Define plagiarism and acknowledge sources of information. (ORC Resources)
6. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information gathered. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 6
1. Generate a topic, assigned or personal interest, and open-ended questions for research and develop a plan for gathering information. (ORC Resources)
2. Identify appropriate sources, and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Identify elements of validity in sources, including publication date, coverage, language, points of view, and discuss primary and secondary sources. (ORC Resources)
4. Identify important information found in sources and paraphrase the findings in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables and graphic organizers). (ORC Resources)
5. Compare and contrast important findings and select sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes. (ORC Resources)
6. Use quotations to support ideas. (ORC Resources)
7. Use an appropriate form of documentation, with teacher assistance, to acknowledge sources (e.g., bibliography, works cited). (ORC Resources)
8. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information that supports a clear position with organized and relevant evidence about the topic or research question. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 7
1. Generate a topic, assigned or personal interest, and open-ended questions for research and develop a plan for gathering information. (ORC Resources)
2. Identify appropriate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Identify and explain the importance of validity in sources, including publication date, coverage, language, points of view, and describe primary and secondary sources. (ORC Resources)
4. Select an appropriate structure for organizing information in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables and graphic organizers). (ORC Resources)
5. Analyze and organize important information, and select appropriate sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes. (ORC Resources)
6. Integrate quotations and citations into written text to maintain a flow of ideas. (ORC Resources)
7. Use an appropriate form of documentation, with teacher assistance, to acknowledge sources (e.g., bibliography, works cited). (ORC Resources)
8. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information that supports a clear position with organized and relevant evidence about the topic or research question. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 8
1. Compose open-ended questions for research, assigned or personal interest, and modify questions as necessary during inquiry and investigation. (ORC Resources)
2. Identify appropriate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Explain the usefulness and accuracy of sources by determining their validity (e.g., authority, accuracy, objectivity, publication date and coverage) and define primary and secondary sources. (ORC Resources)
4. Select an appropriate structure for organizing information in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables and graphic organizers). (ORC Resources)
5. Compile and organize the important information and select appropriate sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes. (ORC Resources)
6. Integrate quotations and citations into written text to maintain a flow of ideas. (ORC Resources)
7. Use style guides to produce oral and written reports that give proper credit for sources and include an acceptable format for source acknowledgement. (ORC Resources)
8. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information that supports a clear position about the topic or research question and to maintain an appropriate balance between researched information and original ideas. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 9
1. Compose open-ended questions for research, assigned or personal interest, and modify questions as necessary during inquiry and investigation to narrow the focus or extend the investigation. (ORC Resources)
2. Identify appropriate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Determine the accuracy of sources and the credibility of the author by analyzing the sources' validity (e.g., authority, accuracy, objectivity, publication date and coverage, etc.). (ORC Resources)
4. Compile and organize important information and select appropriate sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes. (ORC Resources)
5. Integrate quotations and citations into written text to maintain a flow of ideas. (ORC Resources)
6. Use style guides to produce oral and written reports that give proper credit for sources and include an acceptable format for source acknowledgement. (ORC Resources)
7. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information that supports a clear position about the topic or research question and to maintain an appropriate balance between researched information and original ideas. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 10
1. Compose open-ended questions for research, assigned or personal interest, and modify questions as necessary during inquiry and investigation to narrow the focus or extend the investigation. (ORC Resources)
2. Identify appropriate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Determine the accuracy of sources and the credibility of the author by analyzing the sources' validity (e.g., authority, accuracy, objectivity, publication date and coverage, etc.). (ORC Resources)
4. Evaluate and systematically organize important information, and select appropriate sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes. (ORC Resources)
5. Integrate quotations and citations into written text to maintain a flow of ideas. (ORC Resources)
6. Use style guides to produce oral and written reports that give proper credit for sources and include appropriate in-text documentation, notes and an acceptable format for source acknowledgement. (ORC Resources)
7. Use a variety of communication techniques including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports to present information that supports a clear position about the topic or research question and to maintain an appropriate balance between researched information and original ideas. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 11
1. Compose open-ended questions for research, assigned or personal interest, and modify questions as necessary during inquiry and investigation to narrow the focus or extend the investigation. (ORC Resources)
2. Identify appropriate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Determine the accuracy of sources and the credibility of the author by analyzing the sources' validity (e.g., authority, accuracy, objectivity, publication date and coverage, etc.). (ORC Resources)
4. Analyze the complexities and discrepancies in information and systematically organize relevant information to support central ideas, concepts and themes. (ORC Resources)
5. Integrate quotations and citations into written text to maintain a flow of ideas. (ORC Resources)
6. Use style guides to produce oral and written reports that give proper credit for sources, and include appropriate in-text documentation, notes and an acceptable format for source acknowledgement. (ORC Resources)
7. Use a variety of communication techniques (e.g., oral, visual, written or multimedia reports) to present information that supports a clear position about the topic or research question and to maintain an appropriate balance between researched information and original ideas. (ORC Resources)
  
PreK | K | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
 
Grade 12
1. Compose open-ended questions for research, assigned or personal interest, and modify questions as necessary during inquiry and investigation to narrow the focus or extend the investigation. (ORC Resources)
2. Identify appropriate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). (ORC Resources)
3. Determine the accuracy of sources and the credibility of the author by analyzing the sources' validity (e.g., authority, accuracy, objectivity, publication date and coverage, etc.). (ORC Resources)
4. Analyze the complexities and discrepancies in information and systematically organize relevant information to support central ideas, concepts and themes. (ORC Resources)
5. Integrate quotations and citations into written text to maintain a flow of ideas. (ORC Resources)
6. Use style guides to produce oral and written reports that give proper credit for sources and include appropriate in-text documentation, notes and an acceptable format for source acknowledgement. (ORC Resources)
7. Use a variety of communication techniques including oral, visual, written or multimedia report to present information that supports a clear position about the topic or research question and defend the credibility and validity of the information presented. (ORC Resources)